Thomas Moule - The English Counties Delineated;
or, A Topographical Description of England, 1838.
Cornwall
7. Stratton Hundred
Is bounded on the north and east by Devonshire, on the south by East Hundred, and on the west partly by Lesnewth Hundred and partly by the Bristol Channel.
BOYTON, on the banks of the Tamar and borders of Devonshire, contains 71 houses and 406 inhabitants, including the hamlet of Bennacot, but the hamlet of Northcott, on the Devonshire side of the Tamar, in this parish, contains 15 houses and 83 inhabitants. It is a curacy in the presentation of the crown. Bearden House was formerly the seat of the Lovice family.
BRIDGERULE, on the banks of the Tamar and borders of Devonshire, 13 miles N. from Launceston, and 5 miles S.E. from Stratton, contains 43 houses and 238 inhabitants, including thr hamlets of Bridgerule Bridge, Merrifield, Burrow, Knowle, and Little Bridge, but part of this parish is in the Hundred of Black Torrington in Devonshire, containing 28 houses and 198 inhabitants, and there are distinct rates and separate officers for the Cornish and Devonshire parts of the parish. The church is in Devonshire, it is a vicarage, value 14l. Newacot House is the seat of John Braddon, Esq.
JACOBSTOW, 12 miles N.W. from Launceston, and 10 miles S. from Stratton, contains 108 houses and 571 inhabitants, including the hamlet of Southcott. The church, dedicated to St. James, is a rectory, value 19l., in the patronage of the Earl of St. Germans. Berry Court, in this parish, within a moated site, appears to have been a place of some consequence. Diggory Wheare, born at Jacobstow, in 1573, was appointed by Camden, his first reader in history at Oxford.
KILKHAMPTON, on the borders of Devonshire, 4 miles N. from Stratton, contains 174 houses and 1024 inhabitants. The church, dedicated to St. James, is a rectory, value 26l. 3s. 11d., in the patronage of Lord Carteret. In the chancel are monuments of the Grenville family, and of the Orchards of Alderscombe, the Westlakes of Elmsworthy, and the Waddons of Tonacombe in Moorwinstow. The monument of Sir Beville Grenville of Stowe, who was slain at the battle of Lansdown, 5 July, 1643, was erected by the Right Hon. George Lord Lansdown, treasurer of the household to Queen Anne, in 1714.
The manor of Kilkhampton, is supposed to have belonged to the Grenville family from nearly the time of the conquest. They continued to reside at Stowe, in this parish, for many generations, and frequently served the office of sheriff for the county. Sir Richard Grenville, brother to Sir Beville Grenville of Kilkhampton, was created a baronet, 9th April, 1630, and in April 1661, Sir John Grenville, was created Lord Grenville of Kilkhampton and Bideford, Viscount Lansdown, and Earl of Bath. This nobleman built a magnificent mansion at Stowe, which stood on an eminence, overlooking a well wooded valley, but without a tree near it to shelter the house from the north-west wind. Of this mansion scarcely a vestige remains, but it is said to have been the noblest house in the west of England. The cedar panelling used in fitting up the chapel here was purchased by Lord Cobham, at the time of its demolition, and applied to the same purpose at Stowe, in Buckinghamshire. The carving of the chapel was the work of Michael Chuke, and not inferior to Gibbons. On the death of the Earl of Bath's grandson, in 1711, the title became extinct, and this estate passed to his aunt and heiress, Grace, widow of Lord Carteret, who was created, in 1714, Countess of Grenville, with remainder to her son John, who inherited that title and the Kilkhampton estate. On the death of Robert, second Earl of Grenville, in 1776, that title became extinct, and the estate passed by his will to his nephew, Henry Frederick Thynn, who, in 1784, was created Lord Carteret.
Alderscombe, the seat of the Orchard family, descended to the Rev. Thomas Hooper Morrison, nephew of Paul Orchard, Esq., formerly of Hartland Abbey.
LAUNCELLS, on the borders of Devonshire, 1½ miles S. from Stratton, contains 128 houses and 891 inhabitants, including the hamlets of Can Orchard, Grimscott, and Hesham. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, is a vicarage, value 10l. 10s. 10d. In the chancel are the monuments of John Chamond, who died in 1624, and of Henry Spoure, who died in 1666. At Launcells was a cell of Austin canons, belonging to Hartland Abbey in Devonshire, which, in 1537, was leased, by King Henry VIII., to Sir John Chamond, and became the seat of that family. The manor of Norton Rolle, to which the bailiffry of the hundred of Stratton was annexed, formerly belonged to Newenham Abbey; it was afterwards held by the Rolle family, and descended to Lord Clinton. Eastleigh, formerly a seat of the Rolles, is now the residence of Mrs. Harris.
MARHAM CHURCH, 2½ miles S. from Stratton, contains 101 houses and 674 inhabitants, including Tetson and Woodknowle. The church, dedicated to St. Marvenne, is a rectory, value 15l. 11s. In the chancel are some monuments of the family of Rolle of Woodknowle; and a monument of Mrs. Elizabeth Hammett, who died in 1783; she was the last lineal descendant of the family of Langford of Langford Hill.
MOORWINSTOW, on the Bristol Channel and borders of Devonshire, 7 miles N. from Stratton, contains 215 houses and 1091 inhabitants, including the hamlets of Columb, Cross Town, Eastcott, Gooseham, Hollabeer, Woodford, and Woolley. The church, dedicated to St. Morvenna, is a vicarage, value 13l. 10s. 10d., in the patronage of the Bishop of Exeter. In the chancel are some monuments of the Waddon family of Tonacombe. Stanbury, an ancient seat in this parish, was the birth-place of Richard Stanbury, Bishop of Hereford, who died in 1471.
The head of the river Tamar is a short distance from Wooleigh Burrows, two tumuli, in this parish. A ridge near the Burrows, easterly, is the boundary of Cornwall and Devonshire, not far from whence, the counties are separated by the river Tamar, which serves that purpose nearly the whole of its course. About a mile from its source, the river runs between two elevations, East and West Youlston, having a narrow channel between both; it afterwards becomes a considerable stream, and ten miles from its source passes Tamerton, which takes its name from the river.
POUGHILL, on the Bristol Channel, one mile N.W. from Stratton, contains 62 houses and 378 inhabitants. The church, dedicated to St. Olave, is a vicarage, value 6l. 12s. 1d., in the patronage of the crown. Flexbury, in this parish, is the seat of the Rev. C. Dayman; Maer, of R. M. Braddon, Esq.; Broomhill, of Thomas Trood, Esq.; and Reeds, of John Vikry Jose, Esq. The battle of Stratton, on 6th May, 1643, was fought in this parish, near the town of Stratton, on a hill, called, from its having been the position of the Earl of Stamford, the parliamentary general, Stamford's Hill. In 1713, a monument was erected by Lord Lansdown on the spot, but it has long been removed, and the inscription fixed in front of the Tree Inn is all that remains.
STRATTON, on a branch of the river Bude, 18 miles N. from Launceston, and 223 miles from London, contains 284 houses and 1580 inhabitants, including the port of Bude. The market is held on Tuesday in every week, for corn and provisions, and there are three annual cattle fairs, on 19th May, 8th November, and 11th December. The sessions for the hundred are held here. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, is a vicarage, value 10l. 11s. 8d., in the patronage of the crown. In the chancel is a monument of John Arundell, obiit 1561, and another of Sir John de Blanchminster, who died towards the latter part of the fourteenth century. One of the Blanchminster family, who were lords of the manor, gave lands of considerable value to the church and poor of this parish. The management of these estates is vested wholly in certain feoffees, called the eight men, who distribute the rents amongst such as are not chargeable to the parish. In the church is a curious epitaph to John Avery, schoolmaster, who died in 1691, being one of the eight men of the town, to whom much credit is given for having discovered various abuses relating to this charity, and for having recovered the benefaction, which had been misapplied.
Stratton has acquired note from the victory which was obtained in its immediate vicinity, by the king's forces, in the early part of the civil war, in the reign of Charles I. In consideration of his services in this battle, Sir Ralph Hopton, was, in 1643, created Lord Hopton of Stratton, and after his death, which happened In 1654, King Charles II., in 1658, created Sir John Berkeley, to whom the victory had been chiefly attributed, Lord Berkeley of Stratton. This title became extinct in 1773; and in 1797, Lord de Dunstanville was created Lord Bassett of Stratton, with remainder to his daughter and her issue male.
The sea-port of Bude, about a mile and a half westward from the town of Stratton, is frequented in the summer season for bathing. The harbour, on account of its sands, is best suited to vessels of fifty tons burden, but occasionally larger vessels enter it, and one of upwards of ninety tons was built here in 1813. Boats are fitted out for the mackarel and herring fishery, and the trade of this place has considerably increased of late years: the chief exports are timber, bark, and oats; the imports, coal and limestone, from Wales, and groceries, &c., from Bristol. Great quantities of sea sand are carried hence for manure, not only into the neighbouring parishes, but into the north of Devonshire. There was formerly a chapel, dedicated to the Holy Trinity and St. Michael, on a little hill, at the mouth of Bude harbour, and another at Efford or Ebbingford, dedicated to St. Leonard. The old mansion at Efford is the occasional residence of Wrey l'Ans, Esq.
NORTH TAMERTON, on the river Tamar and borders or Devonshire, 8½ miles N. from Launceston, contains 76 houses and 479 inhabitants, including the small hamlets of Alvacot, Headon, and Venton. The church, dedicated to St. Denis, is an endowed rectory, subject to the payment of a fee farm rent of 6l. 13s. 4d. to the crown. In the chancel is a monument of Leonard Jones of Ogbeere, receiver-general of the duchy of Cornwall, who died in 1576. There are also in the church some monuments of the family of Vacye. Vacye House is the seat of George Call, Esq.
WEEK ST. MARY, 11 miles N.W. from Launceston, contains 141 houses and 782 inhabitants, including the hamlets of Bakesdown, Lower Ex, Kitsham, and Week Orchard. The town is in all ancient records styled the Borough of Week St. Mary, and the occupiers of certain lands, burgage holders: the custom of electing a mayor is kept up, but his office is entirely nominal. Here are annual fairs, chiefly for bullocks and sheep, on 8th September and 10th December. The church, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, is a rectory, value 17l., in the patronage of the master and fellows of Sydney Sussex College, Cambridge. In the chancel is an ancient monument of one of the Marais family of East Orchard. Castle hill, adjoining the churchyard, exhibits the traces of extensive buildings, supposed to have been the site of a castle. A chauntry and grammar school were founded here in the reign of Henry VIII., by Dame Hermosine Perceval, a native of this parish.
WHITSTONE, 10 miles N.W. from Launceston and 7 miles S.E. from Stratton, contains 84 houses and 466 inhabitants, including the hamlets of East and West Balsdon. The church, dedicated to St. Nicholas, is a rectory, value 14l. 11s., in the patronage of the University of Oxford. In the chancel are monuments of the Hele family of Bennets, which is now the property and occasional residence of Lord de Dunstanville. The valleys of this parish abounded with woodcocks in a remarkable degree, but their number is of late years considerably diminished.
Whitstone House, the seat of Wrey l'Ans, Esq., formerly belonged to the Coham family.